Suggested Level of Knowlege: Good

LOs

BT_PO 1.59 Describe the pharmacology of drugs used to manage myocardial ischaemia/infarction, including: nitrates, beta blockers, calcium antagonists, anti-platelet agents, anti- coagulants and fibrinolytic agents

BT_PO 1.118 Describe the pharmacology of heparin and low molecular weight heparins including their side-effects

BT_PO 1.119 Describe the mode of action of protamine and potential adverse reactions

BT_PO 1.120 Describe the pharmacology of warfarin and other anticoagulant drugs

BT_PO 1.121 Describe methods to reverse the effect of warfarin

Past SAQs

2017.1 Compare and contrast low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) and unfractionated heparin (UFH).

2014.2 Outline the important pharmacological considerations when stopping warfarin and commencing prophylactic (low dose) low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) in the peri-operative period.

2012.2 How does warfarin exert its anti-coagulant effect? What methods can be used to reverse the effects of warfarin prior to surgery?

2011.2 Describe the mechanism of action of protamine when used to reverse effects of heparin. Outline the side-effects of protamine.

2007.2 Outline the important pharmacological considerations when stopping warfarin and commencing prophylactic (low dose) low molecular weight

heparin (LMWH) in the peri-operative period.

2004.1 Describe briefly the side effects and complications of heparin therapy.

2002.1 Describe the mechanism of the anticoagulant effect of coumarin derivatives and what determines the onset and offset of effect.

1999.1 List the drugs used clinically as anticoagulants and antithrombotics. Write short notes on their mechanisms of actions.

References

Anticoagulants